Outlooks on Participating: People, Plans & Places 1

Summary

One of two issues of Built Environment to focus on the state of citizen involvement in the planning and place making. This, first part, looks at the current ‘landscape of participation’, starting with the legacy of Skeffington and Arnstein, followed by empirical studies of examples of civic crowdfunding, citizen science, and direct action, and ending with a call from the President of the Conseil Européen des Urbanistes for greater public participation.